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If the Androgen Receptor Response to Training Determines Your Gainz, the Question is: How Can You Optimize 'ur AR Density? Training-, Diet-, and Supplement-Effects Reviewed

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Your androgen receptor status may not just determine how much muscle you gain - the data from Morton et al. seems to suggest that it even determines if you make visible muscle gains, at all. Unless you've missed following the SuppVersity on Facebook , yet, you will remember my recent, highly popular post which previewed the results of a recent study from the  McMaster University  in Ontario. Meanwhile, the full-text of the study has been published and it highlights what I pointed out before: It supports previous research, which showed that neither the acute increase in intramuscular free testosterone, nor dihydrotestosterone, or 5α-reductase predicts the muscle gains of resistance-trained men. More importantly, however, it has the potential to shift the interest in post-exercise changes of testosterone, IGF1, GH & co. to the androgen receptors or rather how they (and maybe other receptors, like the IGF-1 receptor) respond to resistant exercise. Read more abou...

Ecdysterone Beats Popular Anabolics!? Plus 75% Muscle Size in 21 Days in Rats - More Than DHT, IGF-1, Dianabol...

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Parr et al. suggest that ecdysterone should be added to the WADA list . Actually, I didn't plan to write a SuppVersity  article about an agent of which everybody says that it's a waste of money, but I have to admit that the conclusion that "ecdysterone exhibited a strong hypertrophic effect on the fiber size of rat soleus muscle that was found even stronger compared to the test compounds metandienone (dianabol), estradienedione (trenbolox), and SARM S 1, all administered in the same dose (5 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days)" (Parr. 2015) in the abstract of a recent non-sponsored  (no conflict of interest, either) study from the Freie Universität Berlin intrigued me. In the corresponding study, Parr and colleagues had tested the effects of ecdysterones on the fiber sizes of the soleus muscle (that's mainly slow twitch muscle fibers) of rodents in vivo and in vitro. If you want to build muscle forget T-booster and optimize your  protein intake   Protein ...

Hormonal Response to Exercise, Revisited: A Consequence, not a Determinant of Your Mood, Effort & Performance

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Studies in men suggest no effect of the hormonal response on training outcome - What about women? A news study provides insights that may be relevant for both female and male gymrats. It has been a few years that I last wrote about the "hormonal ghost". Back in the day, Stuart M. Phillips published an excellent paper that debunked the myth of a mechanistic link of post-exercise increases in testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-1 and co., on the one hand, and exercise-induced strength and size gains, on the other hand. And for those for whom Phillip's review of the literature was not convincing enough, Daniel WD West's 2012, which showed none of the expected associations between exercise-induced hormone profiles (first and foremost higher post-workout testosterone levels) and the rate or significance of muscle strength and size gains in a large cohort of young men after weight training, should have been evidence enough to stop believing in "hormonal ghosts",...

Low Testosterone, Low Life Expectancy: Plus: Chinese vs. US - Do the Same Reference Ranges Apply for Everyone?

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This is what Photoshop and creativity can tell us about aging men. It has been a while since we've taken a closer look at the effects of testosterone deficiency and its replacement aka TRT. Basically that's why I decided not to waste the interesting findings from a recently published study in the The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (Yeap. 2013) in the Facebook News. In combination with the findings Xu et al. report in a paper on the difference in testosterone concentrations in young healthy US versus Chinese men the Yeap study does after all make a decent addition to the 269 of hitherto ~1500 archived SuppVersity articles that deal in one way or another with the famous androgen. Virile men live longer! Ca. 30% longer, to be precise. If you take a look at the link between serum testosterone, free testosterone and DHT and the all-cause mortality risk of the 16,451 community-dwelling older men from Perth in Western Australia it should be obvious that th...

High Intensity Training + Mesterolone Yield Muscle- and Fiber-Type Specific Size Gains Of Up To 100% & More

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Want to learn more about fiber types? ➫ review past SuppVersity articles I am not telling you a secret, when I say that testosterone alone - in the absence of training - will lead to significant increases in skeletal muscle mass (if you think that sounds like a secret you must have missed my previous article from the "Intermittent Thoughts on Building Muscle" series | read more ). To a certain extend, the same is true for DHT ( learn more ), and - as a recent 6-week rodent study by Karina Fontana, Gerson E. R. Campos, Robert S. Staron and Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling shows even by the structurally similar, orally bioavailable derivative Mesterolone (aka Proviron ), which produces pretty drastic, fiber-type specific increases in muscle size, when it is administered in super-physiological doses for 6 weeks (Fontana. 2013). AAS +/- HIT = ? Basically the question the researchers from the universities of Campinas (Brazil) and Ohio had in mind, when they came up with the...
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