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Carnitine as Repartitioning Agent? IGF-1, p-AKT & mTOR Up, Catabolic Proteins Down + 7% Improvement in Lean- to Total Mass Ratio W/ HED of 1-1.5 of Carnitine/Day

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It won't spare you the sweat, but carnitine could make it even more worthwhile by ramping up the anabolic and shutting down the catabolic signals. Until 2006 l-carnitine has been known as a fat-burner, an in-effective fat-burner and an expensive and pretty useless supplement (depending on whom you were asking). Then, in July 2006, Kraemer et al. published a paper (a human study, above all!) in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise a consequential paper so to say; a paper in which the authors report that l-carnitine l-tartrate supplementation at a dosage of 2.933g/day (this amount of LCLT contains 2g of pure carnitine) led to a statistically significant increase in androgen receptors in the vastus lateralis after a heavy resistance training protocol in previously strength trained male subjects (Kraemer. 2006). Still, the evidence has always been inconclusive to say the least Despite the fact that the concomitantly elevated post-workout luteinizing hormo...

The Glucose Repartitioning Effects of Isoleucine: Falsely Underappreciated BCAA and Its Dipeptides Maximize GLUT-4 Expression and Ramp Up Muscular Glucose Uptake

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Still waiting for your abs to appear? Maybe you have the wrong "scientifically proven", "superior", or "modern", but unnatural ratio of BCAAs in your peri-workout nutrition - just kiddin' that alone won't be the reason, but still... In the past week I have posted several facebook news items which were, in one way or another, related to he negative effects of isolating (micro-)nutrients and/or consuming them in what one could call "unnatural" ratios. Now one of those natural ratios most of you will be familiar with is the 2:1:1 ratio of leucine to valine and isoleucine, the three branched-chain amino acids . I have long been eye-balling with more than some skepticism how supplement companies have been trying to monetize on the unwarranted hype around leucine by twisting the ratio from 2:1:1 to 3:1:1 and even 10:1:1 and stating that this would be a "more anabolic" or "scientifically supported" modification. With the...

Essential Amino Acids Stimulate Muscle Glucose Uptake by Exponentiating Insulin's Effect on GLUT4 Expression

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Image 1: High EAA smoothies are a good, high sugar one a very bad idea Scientists from the Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory at the Department of Kinesiology and Health of the University of University of Texas at Austin, the Abbott Laboratories in Columbus, Ohio, and the Taipei Sports University in Taipaie, Taiwan, report in one of their latest papers that the administration of an amino acid enriched perfusate, a solution that is administered by the means of a canula, into the hindlimb (from the right iliac artery and vein to the tip of the femoral artery of the rat) of 9-week old Sprague Dawley rats stimulates glucose uptake in the presence of insulin, but not by increasing insulin and/or p-Akt ( Bernard. 2012 ). EAAs stimulate insulin induced GLUT-4 translocation This is interesting, as we have hitherto assumed that many of the beneficial effects of additional protein or amino acids on glucose clearance were related to BCAA or EAA induced increases in insulin...

Speed Up Your Regeneration and Propel Your Gains by Taking a HOT Bath Bath 2-Days Before Arduous Workouts

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Image 1: Are women tougher than men, because bathe more often? If you define toughness by your muscles resistance to eccentric exercise damage, the answer could be "YES!" If you listened to Brooks, Carl and me on Super Human Radio , yesterday ( download the podcast ), you may remember me stating that 48h appears to be a good rule of thumb, as far as the rest periods between workouts for individual body parts are concerned (this assumes that you are young, healthy, reasonably conditioned and lift heavy). A recently published paper by Chad D. Touchberry  does now suggest that there may be another 48h window before your workout ( Touchberry. 2012 ). One you would use a priori to improve your recovery a posteriori - preconditioning in a hot bath for 20 min at 41°C, 48h before a hard workout or competition! Eccentric treadmill running = maximum muscle damage At least in a rodent model, those 20 min of heat exposure in 41°C warm water lead to statistically highly signific...

DHEA Revives Liver of Aged Rats and Improves Antioxidant Reserves and Akt Signaling in Young and Old Rats.

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Image 1:  I don't think celebrities realize it, but there is more to anti-aging than an unlined face. New studies show that DHEA could after all help with all sorts of age related diseases (img. antiagingpossible.com ) It's been a while since DHEA was in the news. While I have posted a handfull of mostly beneficial findings related to dehydroepitestosterone (DHEA), the hype that sourrounded its purported anti-aging effect in the late 1990s has completely abated. In view of DHEA's implication  (or rather the lack of the latter) in age-related autoimmune disease, sexual disfunction, osteoporisis, deteroiations of lipid metabolism, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular and liver disease (Basci. 2007- ignificance of  dehydroepiandrosterone  and  dehydroepiandrosterone  sulfate  in  different  diseases), it is questionable how people beyond the age of 40, when DHEA production declines by 2% per year...
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