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95% Reduced CK (Marker of Muscle Damage) + Pain After Eccentric Curls W/ Ischemic Pre-Conditioning (3x5min BFR)

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In the study at hand, the cuffs were applied before, not during the exercise.  This is not the first and it's certainly not going to be the last SuppVersity   article about blood flow restriction (BFR). In contrast to previous articles, today's blog post does yet not focus on the effects of acute blood flow restriction on performance or gains. Rather than that, it discusses a recent study from the University Hospital of Düsseldorf (Germany) , the  Göthe University in Frankfurt, and the German Sport University  in Cologne which investigated the effects of so-called "ischemic preconditioning" (which could be described as pre-workout BFR) on muscle damage and pain in response to eccentric biceps curls. You can learn more about BFR and Hypoxia Training at the SuppVersity BFR, Cortisol & GH Responses BFR - Where are we now? BFR as Add-On to Classic Lifts BFR for Injured Athletes Strength ⇧ | Size ⇩ w/ BFR BFR + Cardio = GainZ? As Franz, ...
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HMB + Whey = Useless? Performance Markers Up, CK, IL-6 and DOMS Down - Recent Study Suggest Faster Recovery, Study Design Limits Significance of Results, Though

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To actually confirm the marketed "more complete recovery", I'd like to see more relevant study outcomes (who does CMJs?) to be tested, EAS ;-) If you've read my comments on previous HMB studies you will know that I am skeptical if the promising results that have been observed in studies using 2-3 grams of calcium bound or free acid HMB would persist if the subjects did what most of you will do: Consume 20-30g of whey protein after every workout. I guess Kraemer et al. (2015) may have had similar doubts, when they designed their latest study. A study in which they compare recovery from highly demanding resistance exercise with whey protein (WP group) alone or a supplement containing whey, HMB, and a slow-release carbohydrate (isomaltulose | RP group). Learn more about HMB at the SuppVersity : HMB For Fat Loss? Hica & HMB in Yogurt More on HMB Free Acid Breakthrough HMB Science HMB for Muscle Quality HMB Hampers Fat Loss? Now, I have to ...
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Three Reasons Why Your Doctor May Falsely Believe Your Kidney, Liver or Heart Were Damaged If You Get Blood Work Done Without Adequate Rest After Intense Workouts

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Sometimes lab values are deceiving - specifically if allegedly pathological elevations of kidney, liver and (heart) muscle enzmes are a perfectly physiological reaction to exercise.  You already know reason #1. The heavily increased creatine kinase (CK) levels I've discussed in a previous article at length  may look exactly as if you were about to have a kidney failure. In fact, the CK-levels can be elevated more than 100-fold after an intense workout (Pettersson. 2008). Accordingly, Mougios, et al. (2007) attempted to develop revised reference values for athletes in their 2007 study. The scientists' test revealed that CK levels of >1000 IU/L in male and 513 IU/L in female athletes would be better cut off levels for athletes who are still training than the regular upper limit of <208 IU/L. If you want to avoid muscle damage, you may try  BFR and hypoxia training . BFR, Cortisol & GH Responses BFR - Where are we now? Hypoxia + HIIT = Win? ...
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Rhabdo & Liver Failure or Just an Intense Leg-Workout? What Your Doctor Does not Know About AST, ALT and CK - CK-Values of 10,000 IU+ Will not Necessarily Kill You

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Intense training sessions will always increase ALT, AST & CK. Unfortunately doctors will never learn that in med-school. I don't remember the exact number, but I am afraid that I have promised to write and post this article at least a dozen of times. After getting another three questions pertaining to elevated AST, ALT and CK values on the last lab report within the last two weeks, only, I think it's about time to live up to this promise and translate + update an older, German article, I've written about the very same subject several years ago (note: I decided against translating it, but will write a complete new article - with updated facts, obviously). Let's first see what we are actually talking about. Typically you went for a routine blood work and get a call from the nurse that there was something wrong with your "liver"- or "muscle-enzymes". You are summoned into the doctor's office, where your concerned doctor is already waiting...
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Alanyl-Glutamine or Alanine + Glutamine? Dipeptide or Free Form Aminos? What Offers Maximal Muscle Protection?

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"Wouldn't have happened if she'd used alanyl-glutamine instead of regular that cheap alanine + glutamine combo!" - True or False? Recent study says: False! If you combine your liver's favorite gluconeogenic amino acids, i.e. alanine and glutamine, into a single peptide the result is called alanyl-glutamine and marketed as the ueber-potent alternative to regular l-glutamine supplements. It goes without saying that a comparison like this is about as stupid as comparing french fries with mayo to regular french fries and saying that the former are worse because they contain more fat, or whatever. Even if we didn't care about the physiological significance of the effects of alanyl-glutamine, we would obviously have to compare the purported cryogenic effects of this "innovative" dipeptide to those of a simple combination of free form amino acids to deserve the bragging rights for having created an advanced form of glutamine. Alanine + glutamine vs. a...
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Anti-Creatine β-Guanidinopropionic Acid (GPA) Increases AMPK, Decreases Blood Glucose & Insulin, Induces Weight loss Without Dieting, Increases Oxidative Capacity and Can Even Delay the Development of Mammary Cancer! BUT...

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While he may be so fast that he is almost out of the focus, when the photographer finally released the shutter, Usain Bolt, the fasted man on earth actually doesn't look as if his fiber type composition was highly type II dominant, does he?  While the relation may be distant, you will soon see that today's blogpost is somewhat related to Saturday's news item about the ability of high dose nicotinic acid to shift the muscle fiber type composition from a towards the oxidative side of things. After all, there is hardly anything that is more "glycolytic" (I am using the word here in a very broad sense) than the use of the intramuscular phosphocreatine stores to squeeze out another rep or explode out of the starting block and sprint towards the finish line in less than 10 seconds. Ah, yes those phosphocreatine stores, they are great and creatine is the staple supplement for anyone looking to improve his glycolytic performance. But hey, wait a minute: Shouldn...
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