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Circadian Rhythmicity - Sunlight, Bluelight, Backlight: How Street Lamps, iPads & Co Mess W/ Our Internal Clock. Plus: Tweaks, Tools & Apps to Prevent Negative Side-Effects

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Image 1 (uci.edu): There are billions of clocks in our world, but the most important one of all, our biological clock has gained scientific attention only over the past couple of years - a momentous mistake, as scientists are starting to realize. This is the first installment of the long promised yet often postponed SuppVersity series on Circadian Rhythmicity and how it impacts your physiology and psychology. Despite the fact that I eventually decided to spare you all the funky acronyms, clock genes and hardly legible names of at best incompletely understood feedback mechanism and complex switches I cannot forbear discussing a couple of fundamental principles to set the scene and ensure you understand what I am talking about, when I say "blue light" or "melantopic part of the spectrum". Don't be scared, I am trying to make it as easy as possible and if you still don't understand a word, I would hope that you do at least enjoy my sense of humor ;-) Bef...

"80-85% 1RM, 6-10 Reps"? Changes in Muscle Fiber-Type in Response to Classic, Super Slow and Light Training Confirm "Old School Training" Rules and Will Always Prevail!

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Image 1: If you don't want to be strong and look good naked, you better not train like "old school" like Arnold, Franco Columbu (img), Dave Draper, Frank Zane & Co. Although, I do assume that you just dropped everything, went home from work early, or simply did not leave the house at all to be able to listen to my appearance on Carl Lanore's Super Human Radio , yesterday, I know that sometimes more important things (whatever that may be) get into one's way and will thusly give you a second chance, today (click here to download the podcast )... well, so far for the humorous part of this post. Assuming that by now, you did listen to the podcast you should remember that I promised to have something about exercise and strength training in the news, today. And as Carl will probably assert, Super Humans usually stick to their promises, although - and I did mention that yesterday, as well - the number of significant studies, i.e. studies that do not involve ...

Rat Study Suggests: Hypertrophy Oriented Training Has to Be Strenous

In their contribution to the Georgia World Congress Schoepe et al. ( Schoepe. 2010 ) pose the question: "DOES EXERCISE ALWAYS CAUSE PHYSIOLOGICAL HYPERTROPHY?" While you would just have to have a look at the average gym-goer to answer with an unrefutable "NO!", the scientists' results are nevertheless of interest - especially for those who do not make progress in the gym. Schoepe et al. investigated the effects of a 10-weeks incremental training protocol on rat running on a 10% or 16% incline. Interestingly, the scientists found that only in the 16% incline group marked changes in skeletal muscle size and metabolism occurred, while the 10% incline group stagnated: Within ten weeks animals trained with 16% incline developed hypertrophy (LVPWD: 1,6±0,1 vs. 2,4±0,1mm; p<0,05) with normal function (Ejection fraction: 75,2±2,5 vs. 75,6±2,1%; n.s.). However, after 6 weeks there was a temporary impairment in contractile function (EF: 74,5±1,67 vs. 65,8±2,3%; p...

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Low-Intensity Exercise

A novel study by Yakeu et.al. ( Yakeu. 2010 ) found beneficial effects of an 8 week low-intensity exercise program on 17 sedentary individuals walking 10,000 steps/day, three times/week: "Exercise was associated with upregulation of M2 markers, PGC-1 α and PGC-1 β , and with downregulation of M1 markers. Moreover, plasma levels of Th2 cytokines increased after exercise, while those of Th1 cytokines decreased. However, other PPARs (PPARα; PPARβ/δ) did not undergo marked exercise-induced activation or upregulation. Thus, participation in low-intensity exercise may prime monocytes for differentiation towards an M2 macrophage phenotype via PPARγ/PGC-1 α/β . [...] Given the similarities between these effects and pharmacologically-induced M2 polarisation, we propose that exercise-induced PPARγ/PGC-1 α/β -mediated M2 polarisation may constitute a novel anti-inflammatory benefit of low-intensity exercise ." ( Yakeu. 2010 ) It is reasonable to assume that those positive eff...
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