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N-Acetylcysteine Hampers Adaptive Response To Exercise. 50% Reduction in JNK Phosphorylation Entail Reduced Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Inflammation and DNA Repair.

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Image 1: The "beneficial" bad guys under the microscope: Reactive oxygen species (green-yellow) within endosomes of human smooth muscle cells ( Circulation Research . 09/2007 ) If you listened to my dissertation on the sulfur-amino acids on Carl Lenore's Super Human Radio (cf. shownotes ), you will be aware that I was and still am quite skeptical as far as the touted beneficial effects of n-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation on exercise performance are concerned . A very recent study that has been conducted by a team of Australian scientists from Deakin and Victoria University in Melbourne appears to warrant this skepticism. In a 2006 study ( McKennah. 2006 ) the same group had found that N-acetylcysteine can attenuate the decline in muscle Na+,K+-pump activity and thus delay fatigue during prolonged exercise in humans. But even then, the data on real-world and long-term benefits of n-acetylcysteine supplementation was conflictive and the authors' conclu...

Glycogen-Depletion Has no Effect on Selected Marker of Skeletal Muscle Adaptation

In a recently published study, Camera et al. ( Camera. 2010 ) investigated the effect of isolated glycogen depletion on the rpS6 phosphorylation, a process which is closely related to the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling pathway that is generally believed to be part of the positive adaptation processes of resistance exercise. By having their subjects perform a unilateral cycling exercise the evening before the test session, the scientists established a "divergent muscle glycogen content that was  higher in the control leg (Norm) than in the Low leg at rest (383 ± 43 vs. 184 ± 14 mmol/kg dry wt; p < 0.05)". Thus, with the "normal" leg, they had an intra-(not inter-)individual reference for the results of the muscle biopsy after the testing protocol. Other than one might suspect, there was yet no difference between the rpS6 phosphorylation in the glycogen-depleted vs. the normal leg, which lead the scientists to conclude: These results indica...
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